안녕하세요.. IB econ 강의 너무나도 잘 듣고 있는 IB 학생입니다.

제가 최근에 경제 EE를 시작하게 되었는데... EE 주제를 인도네시아 IMEI Policy 에 대해 할 예정이에요.

제 research question 은 'How effective has the Indonesian IMEI policy been moving the domestic retailers in

Indonesia’s smartphone industry to a competitive market from 2020 -2025?' 인데, EE 구성을 어떻게 할지 잘 모르겠어요.

제가 이 에세이에 하려는 말을 간략하게 설명하자면,

IMEI policy, 2020 년도에 시행된 정책은

인도네시아에 외국 (foreign) 핸드폰을 들고 와서 사용하려면 등록비 (세금이라고 보면됨) 을 내야하는 정책이에요.

이게 500달러 이상은 500달러 제외 후, 남은 가격의 가치의 40%가 비용이 돼요.

예를 들어 폰이 900 달러면, 900 - 500 = 400, 즉, 400 달러의 40% 인 160 달러를 내야하는거죠.

또, 등록비를 안내게 돼어, 등록을 안한 폰들은 정부에서 아예 사용이 안되도록 해놨어요.

(폰은 마음대로 들고와도돼, 다만 사용하는것은 불가능해 ~ 라는거죠)

전에는, 인도네시아에 사용되는 폰의 20% 가 black market을 통해서 팔렸어요.

예를 들어 밀수를 통해 들어와서 세금을 안낸 폰들이 소비자들한테 팔리니까,

Indonesian domestic retailer 한테 unfair competition 이 적용되었다고 보면될거 같아요.

근데, 2020년에 실행된 IMEI policy 때문에, black market 시장이 없어지게 되고,

이는 Indonesian domestic retailer 한테 어떻게 더욱 경쟁력을 주었는지 적는거에요.

이걸 분석하는게 제 주제에요. (pros and cons towards the Indonesian domestic retailer)

제가 사용하려던 topic 은

Micro - market structure

Macro - protectionism

(또, annual financial report 를 통해서 Indonesian domestic retailer 의 Market share, 를 분석하는것도 조금 생각하고 있었어요.)

등이 있는데. 저도 이걸 처음 써보는거라 앞이 막막해요...

에세이를 어떻게 구성해야지 높은 점수를 받을수 있을까요?

도와주세요.. 부탁할게요...

조금 검색해서 찾은 자료에요 :

What is IMEI policy?

IMEI stands for International Mobile Equipment Identity, a policy implemented by the government to reduce the circulation of illegal phones from the black market. The Indonesian government executed this policy on April 18, 2020 (Work cited, a/dd page number). The main reason why the black market exists in Indonesia is due to tax evasion. Indonesia charges a standard value-added tax of 12% and up to 20% for any electronic devices (Work cited, add page number), causing incentives to the producers to avoid tax by using an unofficial route of the black market. This creates unfair competition towards domestic official phone sellers because of lower prices, consequently allowing the black market producers to maximize their revenue.

What was the purpose of the IMEI policy?

The Indonesian government had two main objectives to address when implementing this policy. Firstly, to increase the tax revenue earnt by the government by significantly reducing the amount of black market for smart phones. (Work cited, add page number). Next, the policy was used as a protectionism towards domestic phone retailers such as Ibox and Erafone.

What I will be writing in the essay

In this essay, I will be analysising the influence of the IMEI policy towards the market competition in Indonesia. And how this policy shifted the market structure towards oligopoly, and the change in the value of PED after the implementation of the policy.  

Why this research question is significant / the purpose of this essay

Before the IMEI policy was implemented in Indonesia, a huge black market existed for smartphones, taking over 15% of the entire smartphone industry. This caused unfair competition among official smartphone retailers such as Samsung, Oppo, and Xiaomi. This was because phones sold in the black market were untaxed, leading to lower overall prices per phone sold. This highly attracted low-income households in Indonesia since smartphones tend to have a high portion of income spent on goods for these people, thus making smartphones to have a luxury good status for low-income people. Untaxed phones gave huge accessibility to smartphones for low-income consumers, which are a crucial part of our lives in many ways, such as communication, and SMS. However, after the policy has been implemented, it significantly reduced the overall cirulations of illegal phones through black market.