Hello,
1. The interior formula uses the idea of mass point geometry. For example, the midpoint stays exactly the same distance away from 1 and 4. So, we give weights of 1 and 1 to "1" and "4". Then, the interior point gives relative weight on 1 and 4.
In other words, 1/(1+1) * 1 + 1/(1+1) * 4 = 2.5 would work. You can try the same thing for 2. Let's find 2 real quick using interior point. Give weight 2 to point 1 and weight 1 to point 4. Think about seesaw effect.
2 = 2/(1+2) * 1 + 1/(1+2) * 4 = 2/3+4/3=6/3=2.
2. Choose one vertex out of 6 in 6 ways. Choose the second vertex out of remaining 5 points in 5 ways. We have 30 edges connected. But, one edge has been counted twice in this way. For instance, AB has been counted BA. That's not a good sign. So we divide it by 2 to get 15. Yay!
3. If hypothesis is true, there is no way that we can say anything about the conclusion. So, we safely conclude that q is true. Think about it otherwise. Do we have any reason to say q is false? Well, there might not be. So we say q is true until we find some evidence saying otherwise.
Yay!