Hey student!
Thank you for the kind words--that's very generous of you to say.
Also, GREAT questions. To explain essential vs nonessential relative clauses for the relative pronoun "who." (the SAT will mostly test "who") will take a LOT of explaining here. So instead, I attached a great handout to explain essential or nonessential in DEPTH. There are questions and answer explanations to apply your learning.
Second question: this question is pretty straightforward. Let me explain.
Whenever a dependent clause (DC) comes before an independent clause (IC), a comma will be placed to separate the two clauses.
Ex.
DC, IC.
When I run, I listen to audiobooks.
As soon as I got home, I went to bed.
NOTE: the commas is ALWAYS necessary when a DC comes BEFORE an IC. However, when a DC appears AFTER the IC, a comma isn't necessary (although sometimes you'll see one). But don't worry since the SAT doesn't test this concept.
Ex.
IC DC
I listen to audiobooks when I run.
I went to bed as soon as I got home.
Hope this helps!
Wishing you the BEST of luck on your exam!
Keep Moving Forward!
You Got This!
Jin Teacher